Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FCAT) (1998). Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2014). Extensor digitorum communis (EDC) tendons. [2] The EPL arises from the dorsal surface of the ulna and the EI from the distal third of the dorsal part of the body of ulna. Edinburgh: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. Anterior tibial artery and vein pass between the extensor digitorum longus and the tibialis anterior. It extends the big toe and dorsiflects the foot. [4] All other major extensor muscles in the superficial layer of the posterior compartment (the extensor digitorum, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris, and extensor digiti minimi) are innervated by the posterior interosseous branch of the radial nerve. As the extensor digitorum longus also crosses the subtalar, metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the foot, it also everses the foot and extends the toes. ), Bradley Bowden, Illustrated Atlas of the Skeletal Muscles, 2005, introducing citations to additional sources, "M. extensor carpi radialis (longus and brevis)", "Motor Branch of Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus: Anatomic Localization", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Extensor_carpi_radialis_longus_muscle&oldid=1099408232, Articles needing additional references from August 2009, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 20 July 2022, at 16:24. Register now Reading time: 6 minutes. [1] This muscle is quite long, starting on the lateral side of the humerus, and attaching to the base of the second metacarpal bone (metacarpal of the index finger). The EPL tendon passes through the third compartment and lies in a narrow, oblique groove on the back of the lower end of the radius. The extensor hoods course over the proximal phalanges, and at the level of the base of middle phalanges, each of them further divides into a central band and two lateral bands. Everdingen, J.J.E. Opposite the first interphalangeal joints this aponeurosis divides into three slips; an intermediate and two collateral: the former is inserted into the base of the second phalanx; and the two collateral, which are continued onward along the sides of the second phalanx, unite by their contiguous margins, and are inserted into the dorsal surface of the last phalanx. Extensor digitorum longus muscle (in red). This muscle is the most lateral of all the muscles in the extensor compartment and lies laterally to the tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus. When the distal attachments are fixed and the body is in the anatomical position, all four muscles bring the trunk and lower limb to the front. Injuries (such as by an external flexion force during active extension) may allow the tendon to dislocate into the intermetacarpal space; the extensor tendon then acts as a flexor and the finger may no longer be actively extended. Extensor digitorum muscle (Musculus extensor digitorum) Extensor digitorum is a long muscle located in the posterior compartment of the forearm.Together with the extensor carpi ulnaris and extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis as well as the brachioradialis, it belongs to the group of superficial extensors of the forearm. The tendon to the index finger is accompanied by the tendon of extensor indicis, which lies on its ulnar side. Extensor digitorum is innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve, which is a branch of the radial nerve. Der Nervus fibularis communis (lat., gemeinsamer Wadenbeinnerv, Synonym: Nervus peron(a)eus communis) ist einer der beiden Hauptste des Nervus ischiadicus.Der andere Ast ist der Nervus tibialis.Der N. fibularis communis zieht seitlich des Knies, am Wadenbeinkopf vorbei und entsendet den Nervus cutaneus surae lateralis.Am Wadenbein teilt er sich in seine beiden The extensor digitorum longus is a pennate muscle, situated at the lateral part of the front of the leg. The tendons travel down the forearm through a tough band of tissue on top of the wrist. The Extensor hallucis longus (EHL) is a thin muscle, situated between the Tibialis anterior and the Extensor Digitorum Longus in the anterior compartment of the lower leg. Rupture of the muscle may cause the Achilles tendon to have a slight dip. The ECRL and ECRB receive blood from the radial artery. While traversing the retinaculum, the tendon of extensor digitorum longus sits medially to the tendon of fibularis tertius and laterally to the extensor hallucis longus tendon. Dimitrios Mytilinaios MD, PhD Kenhub. [4], The extensor tendons are connected to the second by a thin transverse band, known as the juncturae tendinum; they serve to maintain the central alignment of the extensor tendons over the metacarpal head,[5] thus increasing the available leverage. The ECU crosses from the lateral to the medial side of the forearm. carp. It extends the medial four digits of the hand. Passing between the brachioradialis and the extensor carpi radialis brevis, this tendon continues into the second tendon compartment together with the latter muscle. De andere buiger is de korte tenenbuiger (musculus flexor digitorum brevis) die zich aan de bovenzijde van de voet bevindt. De musculus extensor digitorum longus is een skeletspier in de kuit die de vier kleine tenen helpt strekken. Extensor digitorum longus muscle: want to learn more about it? It innervates the medial and lateral heads of the triceps brachii muscle of the arm, as well as all 12 muscles in the posterior osteofascial compartment of the forearm and the associated joints and overlying skin.. It provides the only active extension force to the interphalangeal joint and the primary active extension force to the metatarsophalangeal joint. The extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) has the most proximal origin of the extrinsic hand extensors. The APL inserts into the radial side of the base of the first metacarpal bone to abduct the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint and may continue to abduct the wrist. Other tendons in the foot which also lift the foot up are the tibialis anterior tendon and the extensor hallucis brevis. Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 21 jul 2016 om 17:06. An expansion from the medial side of the tendon is usually inserted into the base of the proximal phalanx. It originates just distal to the brachioradialis at the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus, the lateral intermuscular septum, and by a few fibers at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. This may be corrected surgically by using a slip of the extensor tendon to replace the damaged ligamentous band.[6]. labeled at center left. Deep dissection. A common muscle belly is shared by all the fingers. Because the index finger and little finger have separate extensors, these fingers can be moved more independently than the other fingers. Extensor digitorum longus muscle (Musculus extensor digitorum longus) -Liene Znotina. long. The extensor hallucis longus muscle extends the big toe,[1] dorsiflects the foot, and also assists with foot eversion and inversion. ), Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Extensor_digitorum_longus_muscle&oldid=1031833098, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Short description with empty Wikidata description, Articles needing additional references from May 2015, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Anterior lateral condyle of tibia, anterior shaft of fibula and superior, This page was last edited on 3 July 2021, at 23:01. Transverse section across the wrist and digits. [1] The ED divides into four tendons which, with the EI tendons, go through the fourth tendon compartment of the dorsal carpal ligament. The extensor carpi radialis longus is a wrist extensor that is innervated by the radial nerve,[2][3] from spinal roots C6 and C7. (Ext. As the name suggests, this muscle is an extensor at the wrist joint and travels along the radial side of the arm, so it will also abduct (radial abduction) the hand at the wrist. [1] The ECRB inserts into the lateral dorsal surface of the base of the third metacarpal bone, with a few fibres inserting into the medial dorsal surface of the second metacarpal bone, also to extend and abduct the wrist. It extends the medial four digits of the hand. The extensor digitorum longus is innervated by the deep fibular nerve (L5, S1), a branch of the common fibular nerve. Curated learning paths created by our anatomy experts, 1000s of high quality anatomy illustrations and articles. I would honestly say that Kenhub cut my study time in half. Extensor Digitorum Communis (EDC): hand in hook position, with PIP and DIP joints flexed, ask patient to actively extend the MCP joints; Extensor Pollicis Longus (EPL): patient rests hand on the table and lift thumb of the table. Acting in synergy with tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and fibularis tertius, this muscle participates in dorsiflexion of the foot when their proximal attachments are fixed. van, Eerenbeemt, A.M.M. Grounded on academic literature and research, validated by experts, and trusted by more than 2 million users. [4], Opposite the first interphalangeal joint this aponeurosis divides into three slips; an intermediate and two collateral: the former is inserted into the base of the second phalanx; and the two collateral, which are continued onward along the sides of the second phalanx, unite by their contiguous margins, and are inserted into the dorsal surface of the last phalanx. The extrinsic muscle groups are the long flexors and extensors.They are called extrinsic because the muscle belly is located on the forearm.The intrinsic group are the smaller The EPL tendon crosses obliquely the tendons of the ECRL and ECRB, and is separated from the EPB by a triangular interval, the anatomical snuff box, in which the radial artery is found. Anatomy and human movement: structure and function (6th ed.). Featured This Month. These newly formed bands insert to the bases of middle phalanges of lateral four digits. labeled at upper left. De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie. Transverse section across distal ends of radius and ulna. Collectively, these are known as the sagittal bands; they serve to maintain the central alignment of the extensor tendons over the metacarpal head,[3] thus increasing the available leverage. As the tendons cross the interphalangeal joints, they furnish them with dorsal ligaments. This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 451 ofthe 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918). Posterior surface of the forearm. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. The mucous sheaths of the tendons on the back of the wrist. Cross-section through middle of leg. Read more. [2] That is, it manipulates the wrist so as to move the hand towards the thumb (i.e. All rights reserved. Tendons of forefinger and vincula tendina. Deep muscles. The medial portion of each extensor hood blends with the respective tendons of the lumbrical muscles, while the lateral parts related to the digits 2-4 are joined by the tendons of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle. Cross-section through the middle of the forearm. The extensor digitorum longus connects to the other four toes (digitorum means digits, fingers, or toes in latin). Distal to this, the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), extensor digitorum, The extensor carpi radialis longus is one of the five main muscles that control movements at the wrist. The lateral bands continue over the middle phalanges and just proximally to the distal phalanges, each pair of them merges into a single tendinous band. Being within the inferior extensor retinaculum, the distal part of the muscle crosses the anterior side of the ankle joint. Their muscle fibers end at the upper third and the mid forearm respectively, continuing as flat tendons along the lateral border of the radius, beneath the APL and EPB. The extensor digitorum longus is a pennate muscle, situated at the lateral part of the front of the leg. Extensor digitorum longus originates from the inferior part of the lateral tibial condyle, the proximal half of the medial surface of fibula and the anterior surface of the interosseus membrane (its most superior part). This action moves the body weight bearing point from the proximal to distal part of foot. This section does not cite any sources. ), proximal and distal interphalangeal joints, "Chapter 10 - Hand, Wrist, and Digit Injuries", "Boxer Knuckle (Injury of the Extensor Hood with Extensor Tendon Subluxation): Diagnosis with Dynamic USReport of Three Cases", "Clinical Example: Sagittal band rupture reconstruction", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Extensor_digitorum_muscle&oldid=1009414145, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 28 February 2021, at 13:13. The extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) has the most proximal origin of the extrinsic hand extensors. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, (Proximal half of) medial surface of fibula, lateral tibial condyle, interosseus membrane, Distal and middle phalanges of digits 2-5. Clinically Oriented Anatomy (7th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. longus labeled at upper right. The extrinsic extensor muscles of the hand are located in the back of the forearm and have long tendons connecting them to bones in the hand, where they exert their action. It divides below into four tendons, which pass, together with that of the extensor indicis proprius, through a separate compartment of the dorsal carpal ligament, within a mucous sheath. (Ext. The EDM takes a similar course as the EI except it follows the ED tendon along the little finger. In the foot are the flexor digitorum longus and flexor digitorum brevis, originating at the tibia (shinbone) and calcaneus (heel bone), respectively, and acting upon the four smaller toes. De andere strekker is de korte tenenstrekker (musculus extensor digitorum brevis) die zich aan de bovenzijde van de voet bevindt.De lange tenenstrekker ligt parallel aan de musculus tibialis anterior. Occasionally united at its origin with the extensor digitorum longus. Jana Vaskovi MD The EPL inserts on the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb. The anterior tibial vessels and deep fibular nerve lie between it and the tibialis anterior. A slip to the great toe from the innermost tendon has been found. The ED tendons are more complex in their course. It originates from the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus, from the lateral intermuscular septum, and by a few fibers from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.[2]. Within the inferior extensor retinaculum, the tendon splits into the four smaller tendons that all together are wrapped with a synovial sheath. Lateral view. 2022 Structure. hall. The primary action of the extensor digitorum longus is to extend the lateral four toes at metatarsophalangeal joint. The APL, EPB, EPL, EI, ED, and EDM are supplied by the Posterior interosseous artery, a branch of the ulnar artery. Injuries (such as by an external flexion force during active extension) may allow the tendon to dislocate into the intermetacarpal space; the extensor tendon then acts as a flexor and the finger may no longer be actively extended. Extensor carpi radialis longus visible in blue. The fibularis tertius muscle in horses originates from the near the lateral condyle of the femur, passes through the extensor sulcus on the head of the tibia, and inserts onto the third metatarsal bone, the third and fourth tarsal bones, and the calcaneus. Lateral view. Palastanga, N., & Soames, R. (2012). Lateral aspect. It also arises from the interosseous membrane of the leg to a similar extent. The tendon to the index finger is accompanied by the EI, which lies on its ulnar side. communis labeled at bottom center. The APL, EPB, EPL, and EI all have an additional origin at the interosseus membrane. After exiting the retinaculum, the four tendons diverge towards the toes. The ECRL inserts into the dorsal surface of the base of the second metacarpal bone on its radial side[1] to extend and abduct the wrist. Atlas of Human Anatomy (7th ed.). This muscle varies considerably in the modes of origin and the arrangement of its various tendons. The extensor ossis metatarsi hallucis, a small muscle, sometimes found as a slip from the extensor hallucis longus, or from the tibialis anterior, or from the extensor digitorum longus, or as a distinct muscle; it traverses the same compartment of the transverse ligament with the extensor hallucis longus. Extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon. Tendons of forefinger and vincula tendina. More on lower leg muscles; Extensor tendonitis causes. The EDM has a similar role for the little finger. Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster. Extensor digitorum longus (EDL muscle) is a feather-like muscle of the anterior (extensor) compartment of leg. Deep dissection. The extensor hallucis longus muscle is a thin skeletal muscle, situated between the tibialis anterior and the extensor digitorum longus. Learning anatomy is a massive undertaking, and we're here to help you pass with flying colours. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders. Transverse section across distal ends of radius and ulna. Posterior surface of the forearm. As the tendons cross the interphalangeal joints, they furnish them with dorsal ligaments. The tendons to the second and fifth toes may be found doubled, or extra slips are given off from one or more tendons to their corresponding metatarsal bones, or to the short extensor, or to one of the interosseous muscles. The anterior tibial vessels and deep fibular nerve lie between it and the tibialis anterior. Lateral aspect. Netter, F. (2019). De lange teenbuigspier ligt parallel aan de musculus tibialis posterior. The ECU inserts at the base of the 5th metacarpal to extend and adduct the wrist. The muscle, like all extensors of the forearm, can be strengthened by exercise that resist its extension. Since all the muscle fibers attach on one side of the tendon, this muscle is classified as an unipennate muscle. De musculus flexor digitorum longus[1] of lange tenenbuiger[2] is een skeletspier in de kuit die de vier kleine tenen helpt buigen. They then pass beneath the extensor retinaculum and dorsal carpal ligament, where they lie in a groove on the back of the radius, immediately behind the styloid process, and continue into the second tendon compartment. It tends to separate the fingers as it extends them. The part of its origin at tibial condyle is fused with the originating fibers of the fibularis longus muscle. https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musculus_flexor_digitorum_longus&oldid=47117353, Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen, onderzijde van de distale kootjes van de vier buitenste tenen. m. extensor digitorum longus, m. extensor digitorum brevis: Naslagwerken Gray's Anatomy: 129,485: Dorlands/Elsevier: m_22/12549081: Portaal Biologie: De musculus flexor digitorum longus of lange tenenbuiger is een skeletspier in de kuit die de vier kleine tenen helpt buigen. Opposite the head of the second metacarpal bone, the EI joins the ulnar side of the ED tendon to extend the index finger. [2], It is inserted into the dorsal surface of the base of the second metacarpal bone, on its radial side.[2]. Extensor digitorum is innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve, which is a branch of the radial nerve. This means that when acting independently, it is unable to extend the entire length of the toes, extending only at metatarsophalangeal, while at the interphalangeal joints the toes remain flexed. The ECRL and ECRB, (with the brachioradialis) form the lateral compartment. All content published on Kenhub is reviewed by medical and anatomy experts. Copyright The tendons are inserted in the following manner: each receives a fibrous expansion from the interossei and lumbricals, and then spreads out into a broad aponeurosis, which covers the dorsal surface of the first phalanx: this aponeurosis, at the articulation of the first with the second phalanx, divides into three slipsan intermediate, which is inserted into the base of the second phalanx; and two collateral slips, which, after uniting on the dorsal surface of the second phalanx, are continued onward, to be inserted into the base of the third phalanx. The remaining extrinsic hand extensors are supplied by the posterior interosseus nerve, another branch of the radial nerve. [6]. The muscle acts in three foot joints; talocrural, metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints. The ECRL is supplied by the radial nerve and the ECRB by its deep branch. On the back of the hand, the tendons to the middle, ring, and little fingers are connected by two obliquely placed bands, one from the third tendon passing inferior and laterally to the second tendon, and the other passing from the same tendon inferior and medially to the fourth. Author: rad. However, contracting together with lumbricals which are the main extensors of the interphalangeal joints, this muscle contributes to extension at every joint between the bones of the lateral four toes. It uses the dorsal tubercle on the radius as fulcrum[2] to help the EPB with its action as well as extending the distal phalanx of the thumb. It also assists with foot eversion and inversion. Cross-section through the middle of the forearm. The extensor digitorum muscle (also known as extensor digitorum communis) is a muscle of the posterior forearm present in humans and other animals. The extensor hallucis longus muscle arises from the anterior surface of the fibula for about the middle two-fourths of its extent, medial to the origin of the extensor digitorum longus muscle. The tendons of the muscle are vascularized by the anterior lateral malleolar, lateral tarsal, metatarsal, plantar and digital arteries. The central bands insert to the base of the distal phalanges of lateral four toes, respectively. This may be corrected surgically by using a slip of the extensor tendon to replace the damaged ligamentous band [4]. They include the extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL), extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), extensor digitorum (ED), extensor digiti minimi (EDM), extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU), abductor pollicis longus (APL), extensor pollicis brevis (EPB), extensor pollicis longus (EPL), and extensor indicis (EI). The information we provide is grounded on academic literature and peer-reviewed research. Opposite the metacarpophalangeal joint each tendon is bound by fasciculi to the collateral ligaments and serves as the dorsal ligament of this joint; after having crossed the joint, it spreads out into a broad aponeurosis, which covers the dorsal surface of the first phalanx and is reinforced, in this situation, by the tendons of the Interossei and Lumbricalis. The extensor digitorum muscle extends the phalanges,[2] then the wrist, and finally the elbow. The elbow muscles include the triceps brachii, brachioradialis, brachialis, biceps brachii, pronator teres, pronator quadratus, and anconeus. Superficially to the proximal phalanges, each tendon widens and forms the triangular dorsal digital expansions (or extensor hoods). The ECU is supplied by the ulnar artery. Since all these muscles Extensor digitorum muscle is labeled in purple. Kim Bengochea, Regis University, Denver. The leg portion of the muscle is supplied by two arteries of the leg; the proximal part is supplied by the anterior tibial artery, while the distal part receives blood from the fibular artery. Origin and insertion. [4], Opposite the metacarpophalangeal articulation each tendon is bound by fasciculi to the collateral ligaments and serves as the dorsal ligament of this joint; after having crossed the joint, it spreads out into a broad aponeurosis, which covers the dorsal surface of the first phalanx and is reinforced, in this situation, by the tendons of the interossei and lumbricalis. Besides EDL muscle, this compartment also contains the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and fibularis (peroneus) tertius muscles. Moving distally, there are the abductor pollicis longus (APL), extensor pollicis brevis (EPB), extensor pollicis longus (EPL), and extensor indicis (EI). One of the three muscles of the radial forearm group, it initially lies beside the brachioradialis, but becomes mostly tendon early on. Extension of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints, however, is mediated predominantly by the dorsal and palmar interossei and lumbricals of the hand. The flexor hallucis longus and flexor hallucis brevis originate in the calf and near the heel, respectively, and flex the great toe.The flexor digiti minimi brevis pedis acts upon the smallest extensionincreased angle between the palm and the front of the forearm). The APL originates from the lateral part of the dorsal surface of the body of the ulna below the insertion of the anconeus and from the middle third of the dorsal surface of the body of the radius. It arises from the lateral condyle of the tibia; from the upper three-quarters of the anterior surface of the body of the fibula; from the upper part of the interosseous membrane; from the deep surface of the fascia; and from the intermuscular septa between it and the tibialis anterior on the medial, and the peroneal muscles on the lateral side. Occasionally the first tendon is connected to the second by a thin transverse band. The extensor hallucis longus muscle arises from the anterior surface of the fibula for about the middle two-fourths of its extent, medial to the origin of the extensor digitorum longus muscle.It also arises from the interosseous membrane of the leg to a similar extent.. The fibers pass downward, and end in a tendon, which occupies the anterior border of the muscle, passes through a distinct compartment in the cruciate crural ligament, crosses from the lateral to the medial side of the anterior tibial vessels near the bend of the ankle, and is inserted into the base of the distal phalanx of the great toe. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. rheumatoid arthritis: most common to involve extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi radialis; gout; CPPD; infection; diabetes; compartment syndrome; Subtypes. Go ahead and quiz yourself on the extensor digitorum longus and other muscles of the leg to consolidate what you learned so far! In the dorsum of the foot, tendons of the muscle course superficially to the extensor digitorum brevis muscle. Reviewer: Extensor denotes their action which is to extend, or open flat, joints in the hand. (Extensor dig. The EPB arises from the radius distal to the APL and from the dorsal surface of the radius. It originates just distal to the brachioradialis at the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus, the lateral intermuscular septum, and by a few fibers at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. [3], The extensor digitorum muscle arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, by the common tendon; from the intermuscular septa between it and the adjacent muscles, and from the antebrachial fascia. On the back of the hand, the ED tendons diverge to follow the fingers and the EI tendon joins the ulnar side of one of the ED tendons along the back of the index finger. All of these actions are important for the gait cycle; the dorsiflexion angulates and lifts the foot above the walking surface, while the toe extension keeps the toes extended until the heel hits the ground. The radial nerve is a nerve in the human body that supplies the posterior portion of the upper limb. The muscles of the hand are the skeletal muscles responsible for the movement of the hand and fingers.The muscles of the hand can be subdivided into two groups: the extrinsic and intrinsic muscle groups. This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 481 ofthe 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Thin muscle, situated between the tibialis anterior and the extensor digitorum longus, The mucous sheaths of the tendons around the ankle. Overuse is the direct cause. The tendons then diverge on the back of the hand, and are inserted into the middle and distal phalanges of the fingers in the following manner. Deep dissection. This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 481 ofthe 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Pennate muscle, situated at the lateral part of the front of the leg, The mucous sheaths of the tendons around the ankle. On the back of the hand, the tendons to the middle, ring, and little fingers are connected by two obliquely placed bands, one from the third tendon passing downward and lateralward to the second tendon, and the other passing from the same tendon downward and medialward to the fourth. Last reviewed: July 06, 2022 Extrinsic denotes their location outside the hand. After its origin, the muscle descends inferiorly and just above the ankle gives off a tendon that passes under the superior extensor retinaculum and through the inferior extensor retinaculum. The extensor hallucis longus muscle is supplied by the deep fibular nerve, a branch of common fibular nerve, which includes L4, L5, and S1 spinal nerve roots. and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! ), Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Chapter 4 - Acupuncture Points of the Twelve Primary Channels", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Extensor_hallucis_longus_muscle&oldid=1031982685, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Short description with empty Wikidata description, Articles needing additional references from April 2021, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Inserts on the dorsal side of the base of the, Extends (raises) the big toe and assists in, This page was last edited on 4 July 2021, at 21:20. (Ext. Between it and the tibialis anterior are the upper portions of the anterior tibial vessels and deep peroneal nerve. The main action of extensor hallucis longus is to extend the big toe, but it has accessory actions in other joints as well. If EPL laceration- significant smaller movement and wont be able to extend their IP joint of the thumb (Extensores longi digitorum et hallucis labeled at upper left. Ankle joint. Opposite the metatarsophalangeal articulation, the tendon gives off a thin prolongation on either side, to cover the surface of the joint. ), Ankle joint. stenosing tenosynovitis: hypertrophy of the flexor pulley: trigger finger first extensor compartment: De Quervain disease flexor hallucis longus in patients with os trigonum syndrome Superficial muscles. van den (2012). Transverse section across the wrist and digits. The fibers end at the upper third of the forearm in a flat tendon, which runs along the lateral border of the radius, beneath the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis; it then passes beneath the dorsal carpal ligament, where it lies in a groove on the back of the radius common to it and the extensor carpi radialis brevis, immediately behind the styloid process. [5] dig. Standring, S. (2016). abductionaway from the mid-position of the hand) and away from the palmar side (i.e. The tendons to the second, third, and fourth toes are each joined, opposite the metatarsophalangeal articulations, on the lateral side by a tendon of the extensor digitorum brevis. This article will discuss the anatomy and function of the extensor digitorum longus muscle. Metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints 2-5: Toe extension; Anterior tibial, fibular, anterior lateral malleolar, lateral tarsal, metatarsal, plantar, and digital arteries. long. Several individual muscles redirect here. In the fingers, the extensor digitorum acts principally on the proximal phalanges, acting to extend the metacarpophalangeal joint. Gray's Anatomy (41tst ed.). The ECRB has additional origins from the radial collateral ligament, the ECU from the dorsal border of the ulna (shared with the flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus), and all four also originate from various fascia. Flexor hallucis longus muscle is a powerful muscle that comprises the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the leg.It belongs to a group called the deep flexors of the calf, which also include popliteus, flexor digitorum longus and tibialis posterior muscles.. Here we explain the muscle which enables the elbow to move. The APL and EPB pass obliquely down and lateral, ending in tendons which run through a groove on the lateral side of the lower end of the radius. Origin. Extensor hallucis longus is situated between tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus muscles. Since all these muscles cross the dorsal aspect of the ankle joint, their common function is dorsiflexion of the foot. The ED inserts into the middle and distal phalanges to extend the fingers and wrist. Extensor digitorum longus muscle (Musculus extensor digitorum longus) Extensor digitorum longus (EDL muscle) is a feather-like muscle of the anterior (extensor) compartment of leg.Besides EDL muscle, this compartment also contains the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and fibularis (peroneus) tertius muscles.. The muscle passes under the superior and inferior extensor retinaculum of foot in company with the fibularis tertius, and divides into four slips, which run forward on the dorsum of the foot, and are inserted into the second and third phalanges of the four lesser toes. Evaluation of Proposed Protocol Changing Statistical Significance From 0.05 to 0.005 in Foot and Ankle Randomized Controlled Trials According to the direction of its muscle fibers, flexor hallucis longus is described as an The extensor digitorum muscle (also known as extensor digitorum communis)[2] is a muscle of the posterior forearm present in humans and other animals. For a quick reference on these muscles, see the, "Boxer Knuckle (Injury of the Extensor Hood with Extensor Tendon Subluxation): Diagnosis with Dynamic USReport of Three Cases", "Clinical Example: Sagittal band rupture reconstruction", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Extrinsic_extensor_muscles_of_the_hand&oldid=1086539364, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 6 May 2022, at 19:42. The EPB inserts into the base of the first phalanx of the thumb[2] to extend and abduct the thumb at the carpometacarpal and MCP joints. The mucous sheaths of the tendons on the back of the wrist. The extensor carpi radialis longus is a wrist extensor that is innervated by the radial nerve, from spinal roots C6 and C7. EDC tendons straighten the index, middle, ring and small fingers. Ankle joint. [1] Distal to this, the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, and extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) originate from the lateral epicondyle via the .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}common extensor tendon. Read more. Medial view. Superficial muscles of the forearm. 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