[desc] => ( (Mar. ) [children] => Array ditions du Conseil de l'Europe, Avenue de l'Europe F-67075 Strasbourg Cedex, France - Tel. [name] => Cybercrime [desc] => It is composed of delegations from the parliaments of the 47 member states, whose size varies according to size of country. But it was Britain's wartime leader Sir Winston Churchill who first publicly suggested the creation of a "Council of Europe" in a BBC radio broadcast on 21 March 1943, while the Second World War was still ra ) [46], The Council of Europe has external offices all over the European continent and beyond. ( [3], The organisation is distinct from the European Union (EU), although it is sometimes confused with it, partly because the EU has adopted the original European flag, created for the Council of Europe in 1955,[4] as well as the European anthem. ( ( [name] => Children's rights It was the Parliamentary Assembly which first adopted the European flag and anthem. [desc] => [7] => Array 20, 2012).). [87], The General Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the Council of Europe grants the organisation certain privileges and immunities. [children] => Array ( There was huge enthusiasm for the Council of Europe in its early years, as its pioneers set about drafting what was to become the European Convention on Human Rights, a charter of individual rights which it was hoped no member government could ever again violate. ( Turkey was admitted in 1950, although it is a transcontinental state that lies mostly in Asia, with a smaller portion in Europe. There are three types of nonmember status: associate member, special guest and observer. [children] => Array The Council of Europe (CoE; French: Conseil de l'Europe, CdE) is an international organisation founded in the wake of World War II to uphold human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe. [id] => 384 ( The Council of Europe has produced over 200 treaties and conventions in many fields of activity. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/364-map-of-the-member-states The Czech Presidency of the Council of the European Union announced member states reached a common position on the draft Artificial Intelligence Act. By drafting conventions or international treaties, common legal standards are set for its member states. [52][53][54][55] Iceland[56][57] West Germany and Saarland Protectorate joined the Council of Europe as associate members in 1950. [desc] => ( [name] => Civil society ) ) Since then, 20 other schools have been set up along the same lines and now form an Association;[82] a genuine network now covering the whole of Eastern and South-Eastern Europe and the Caucasus, as well as some countries in the Southern Mediterranean region. In August 1949, Paul-Henri Spaak resigned as Belgium's foreign minister in order to be elected as the first president of the assembly. ) [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/207-health-care [id] => 413 [id] => 374 [children] => Array [desc] => ) ) ( [63] Under Article 8 of the Statute, if a member state fails to withdraw upon request, the Committee may terminate its membership, in consultation with the PACE. [desc] => Web Page. [desc] => ( [children] => Array Council of Europe; European Court of Human Rights: 47 Member States Adopt the Brighton Declaration. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/408-annual-activity-report ) [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/226-teaching-history [desc] => ) [name] => Democracy [name] => National minorities He returned to the idea during a well-known speech at the University of Zurich on 19 September 1946,[11][12] throwing the full weight of his considerable post-war prestige behind it. [1] => Array ) [0] => Array ) [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/180-local-democracy [id] => 247 Behind the scenes, he too had been quietly working towards the creation of the council, and played a key role in steering its early work. [name] => An overview [17] Iceland had already joined in 1950, followed in 1956 by Austria, Cyprus in 1961, Switzerland in 1963 and Malta in 1965. [desc] => [desc] => [desc] => [desc] => [name] => Refugees ) ) [desc] => ( [desc] => [id] => 182 ( [link] => The Enlarged Partial Agreement on Sport, which is open to accession by states and sport associations. #i2dNK^BTKX15E-&tZ4t4bQ1aKM@7SSs 95WtyEb941=1nl` ) [children] => Array ( [children] => Array ) [name] => Human rights European Court of Human Rights judgments in cases of human rights violations have led to the improvement of peoples lives across Council of Europe member states. ) [50] Associate member status is no longer used. ( [desc] => The Council of Europe Visitors Service organises guided tours and study programmes adapted to each group. ) [23] The Convention created the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. ( [id] => 203 [id] => 178 ( But there were many other statesmen and politicians across the continent, many of them members of the European Movement, who were quietly working towards the creation of the council. ) [2] => Array [desc] => This program offers information and advice for local authorities on the integration of minorities and the prevention of discrimination. ;/-}. [1] => Array The Council of Europe created, and has since 1955 used as its official symbol, the European Flag with 12 golden stars arranged in a circle on a blue background. ) ( ) European digital identity (eID): Council makes headway towards EU digital wallet, a paradigm shift for digital identity in Europe. [1] => Array ( [67][68][69] In June 2019, the Council voted (on a 11862 vote, with 10 abstentions) to restore Russia's voting rights in the council. [children] => Array ) Non-member states also participate in several partial agreements, such as the Venice Commission, the Group of States Against Corruption (GRECO), the European Pharmacopoeia Commission and the North-South Centre. ( (May 7, 2012) On April 20, 2012, the 47 Member States of the Council of Europe, at a high-level ministerial conference in Brighton, United Kingdom, unanimously voted to adopt a series of measures, known as the Brighton Declaration, aimed at reforming the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). [id] => 407 ) [desc] => ) ) ( ) Global Legal Research Directorate. ) ( [desc] => (The Statute does not define the "serious violation" phrase. [name] => Prevention of torture In November 2016, the UN General Assembly adopted by consensus Resolution (A/Res/71/17) on Cooperation between the United Nations and the Council of Europe whereby it acknowledged the contribution of Council of Europe to the protection and strengthening of human rights and fundamental freedoms, democracy and the rule of law, welcomed the ongoing co-operation in a variety of fields. ) [id] => 245 ( The measures adopted at Brighton include calling for: 1) the Committee of Ministers to adopt by the end of 2013 the necessary amending instrument to insert the principles of subsidiarity and margin of appreciation in the preamble of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, on which the ECtHR is based (Conference, supra, 12(b)); 2) reduction of the time limit for submitting applications to the ECtHR from six months to four months (id. Bucharest has a Council of Europe Office on Cybercrime. ) These belong to the European Union, which is separate from the Council of Europe, although they have shared the same European flag and anthem since the 1980s since they both work for European integration. ) ) [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/176-death-penalty ( [name] => Death penalty [desc] => [desc] => [id] => 224 [5] No country has ever joined the EU without first belonging to the Council of Europe. [0] => Array 1, To receive multiple printed copies, subject to availability, please, Living Together - Diversity and Freedom in Europe, Intercultural and interreligious dialogue, The Council of Europe and the European Union, Human rights, democratic citizenship and interculturalism, Congress of Local and Regional Authorities, Conferences on the future of the European Court of Human Rights. The Open Society Justice Initiative expressed regret that the Brighton Declaration proposes amending the European Convention on Human Rights to encourage greater deference by the court to national governments, though this will do little to stem the growing caseload. (Press Release, Open Society Justice Initiative, Brighton Conference on ECHR Reform Leaves Work Ahead(Apr. [children] => Array ) [2] => Array ) ( 4) drafting of a new optional protocol that would allow national courts to request advisory opinions from the Strasbourg court (id. [18] At the time of its launch,[19] the archive comprised 263 speeches delivered over a 70-year period by some 216 presidents, prime ministers, monarchs and religious leaders from 45 countries though it continues to expand, as new speeches are added every few months. The Commission has adopted the draft Bill prepared for this purpose as Universal Declaration of Human Rights by a resolution of the General Assembly on 12.12.1948. [desc] => [id] => 220 ) The first School of Political Studies was created in Moscow in 1992. ) All Council of Europe member states have signed up to the European Convention on Human Rights, a treaty designed to protect human rights, democracy and the rule of law. [desc] => [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/233-law [id] => 398 Ahmad, Tariq. [id] => 201 [desc] => [id] => 191 [65], On 3 March 2022, after Russia launched a full-scale military invasion of Ukraine, the council suspended Russia for violations of the council's statute and the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). [name] => Roma and Travellers ) [desc] => ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 179 ) ) [id] => 207 ) [1] => Array ( ) ) [children] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/237-data-protection The suspension blocked Russia from participation in the council's ministerial council, the PACE, and the Council of the Baltic Sea States, but still left Russia obligated to follow the ECHR. [name] => Gender equality [desc] => Study programmes are tours tailored to the needs and interests of the groups (teachers, lawyers, university students, etc.). The Congress of European Local and Regional Authorities is the advisory body of the Council of Europe. [4] => Array [3] => Array [name] => LGBT [id] => 212 ( The Joint Council on Youth of the Council of Europe. [desc] => [name] => Online resources ) (High Level Conference on the Future of the European Court of Human Rights: Brighton Declaration[hereinafter Conference], Council of Europe website (last visited May 2, 2012). [90][91], The Council of Europe has been accused of not having any meaningful purpose, being superfluous in its aims to other pan-European bodies, including the European Union and OSCE. [id] => 410 ) [children] => Array Both organisations function as concentric circles around the common foundations for European co-operation and harmony, with the Council of Europe being the geographically wider circle. [children] => Array [0] => Array ) ) [name] => Teacher education [5] => Array [desc] => ( ) ( ( Some very early speeches by individuals considered to be "founding figures" of the European institutions, even if they were not heads of state or government at the time, are also included (such as Sir Winston Churchill or Robert Schuman). [2] => Array ( ) [children] => Array European Court of Human Rights: Members of Council of Europe Agree to Proceed in Further Reform European Court of Human Rights: Fiftieth Anniversary, Pakistan: Province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Establishes Mobile Courts, International Criminal Court: Prosecutor Declares It Lacks Jurisdiction to Determine Whether Palestine Is a State. [id] => 175 Addresses by eight monarchs appear in the list (such as King Juan Carlos I of Spain, King Albert II of Belgium and Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg) as well as the speeches given by religious figures (such as Pope John Paul II, and Pope Francis) and several leaders from countries in the Middle East and North Africa (such as Shimon Peres, Yasser Arafat, Hosni Mubarak, Lopold Sdar Senghor or King Hussein of Jordan). ( [desc] => "[96] A feature of the new forum is that Russia and Belarus are deliberately excluded,[96] but that does not immediately explain the need for a different entity, Russia is no longer a member of the Council of Europe and Belarus only participates partially, as a non-member. ) ( "[21] Membership is open to all European states who seek harmony, cooperation, good governance and human rights, accepting the principle of the rule of law and are able and willing to guarantee democracy, fundamental human rights and freedoms. [children] => Array ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/379-international-law [children] => Array [id] => 217 [63], The Council suspended Greece in 1967, after a military coup d'tat, and the Greek junta withdrew from the CoE. ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/223-people-with-disabilities ( The Council of Europe was the first European organisation to be founded after the end of the Second World War. [children] => Array [children] => Array [children] => Array Kanstantsin Dzehtsiarou & Donal K. Coffey, Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines, Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism, Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings, Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, The European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice (CEPEJ), European Committee for the Prevention of Torture, European Commission against Racism and Intolerance, Convention for the protection of individuals with regard to automatic processing of personal data, Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse, Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence, European Charter of Local Self-Government, European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, European Convention on Transfrontier Television, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Permanent Representatives and Ambassadors, INGOs Conference of the Council of Europe, seat of the European Parliament in Strasbourg, Russia launched a full-scale military invasion of Ukraine, Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, Council of EuropeEuropean Union relations, European Convention on the Recognition of the Legal Personality of International Non-Governmental Organisations, Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, List of linguistic rights in European constitutions, "BBC News - Profile: The Council of Europe", "Lumni | Enseignement - Discours d'Aristide Briand devant la SDN du 7 septembre 1929", "Post-War Councils on World Problems: A FOUR YEAR PLAN FOR ENGLAND by WINSTON CHURCHILL, Prime Minister of Great Britain, broadcast from London over BBC, March 21, 1943", "Winston Churchill and the Council of Europe", "Speeches made to the Parliamentary Assembly (19492018)", "European Commission: PaulHenri Spaak: a European visionary and talented persuader", "Accession of Germany to the Council of Europe (Strasbourg, 2 May 1951) - CVCE Website", "Speeches made to the Parliamentary Assembly (by Country)", "All speeches by heads of state and government to PACE since 1949 online", "Discours prononcs devant l'Assemble parlementaire (19492018) - par pays", "The Council of Europe and the European Union", "Details of Treaty No.198: Council of Europe Convention on Laundering, Search, Seizure and Confiscation of the Proceeds from Crime and on the Financing of Terrorism", "Details of Treaty No.174: Civil Law Convention on Corruption", "Microsoft Word - Convention 197 Trafficking E.doc", "Details of Treaty No.210: Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence", "Details of Treaty No.135: Anti-Doping Convention", "Jagland re-elected head of Council of Europe", "Full list (Chart of signatures and ratifications of Treaty 194)", "Biography - Commissioner for Human Rights", "A word from the President on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the Conference of INGOs of the Council of Europe", "Statute of the Council of Europe, London, 5.V.1949", "Council of Europe law: Towards a pan-European legal area", "Statute of the Council of Europe is signed in London", "13 July 1950: Federal Republic of Germany joins the Council of Europe", "Council of Europe Raises Bonn To the Status of a Full Member", "Franco's Spain and the Council of Europe", Centre virtuel de la connaissance sur l'Europe, Suspension and expulsion of members of the Council of Europe: difficult decisions in troubled times, The party politics of Euroscepticism in times of crisis: The case of Greece, Council of Europe Restores Russia's Voting Rights, Russia cancels payment to Council of Europe after claiming its delegates are being persecuted over Crimea, "Russia withholds payments to the Council of Europe", "Russia tests Council of Europe in push to regain vote", "A Classic Dilemma: Russia's Threat to Withdraw from the Council of Europe", "Council of Europe restores Russia's voting rights". [id] => 196 [99][100] A 219-page report was issued in 2018 after a ten-month investigation. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/382-youth [50] The United States became an observer state in 1995. [id] => 386 In 2014, after Russia invaded and annexed Crimea from Ukraine and supported separatists in eastern Ukraine, precipitating a bloody conflict, the Council stripped Russia of its voting rights in the PACE. ( But crucially, where the Universal Declaration was essentially aspirational, the European Convention from the beginning featured an enforcement mechanism - an international Court - which was to adjudicate on alleged violations of its articles and hold governments to account, a dramatic leap forward for international justice. ) The best-known body of the Council of Europe is the European Court of Human Rights, which functions on the basis of the European Convention on Human Rights. ( General Overview of the Council of Europe The Council of Europe is comprised of 47 Member States, 23 of which include the members of the European Union. [0] => Array [desc] => [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/235-corruption Visitors Service - Public Relations ( [children] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/243-congress-of-local-and-regional-authorities [name] => Elections [name] => Internet ( The Council of Europe's 47 member states form a death-penalty-free zone. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/215-the-council-of-europe-and-the-european-union "LL File No. ) Web Page. [name] => Health care Besides its headquarters in Strasbourg, the Council of Europe is also present in other cities and countries. ) [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/386-resources-for-young-people [2] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/199-internet ( [id] => 237 [name] => Violence against women [children] => Array [desc] => [50] After the fall of Communism with the Revolutions of 1989 and the collapse of the Soviet Union, the post-Soviet states in Europe that began democratization joined: Hungary (1990), Poland (1991), Bulgaria (1992), Estonia (1993), Lithuania (1993), Slovenia (1993), the Czech Republic (1993), Slovakia (1993), Romania (1993), Latvia (1995), Moldova (1995), Albania (1995), Ukraine (1995), the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (1995) (later renamed North Macedonia), Russia (1996, expelled 2022), Croatia (1996), Georgia (1999), Armenia (2001), Azerbaijan (2001), Bosnia and Herzegovina (2002) and Serbia and Montenegro (later Serbia) (2003). [65] Supporters of restoring Russia's council rights included France and Germany,[71] which argued that a Russian withdrawal from the council would be harmful because it would deprive Russian citizens of their ability to initiate cases in the European Court of Human Rights. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/181-world-forum-for-democracy 19, 2012),Council of Europe website. ( The Committee of Ministers, the PACE, and the Congress of the Council of Europe also use German and Italian for some of their work. The archive is searchable by country, by name, and chronologically.[20]. [children] => Array 12(d)). [1] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/398-teacher-education [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/178-racism ) The concept of human rights, in general, is the whole of the rights that people have in accordance with human dignity because they are human. [3] => Array ) [desc] => [5] => Array ( [id] => 221 [7] => Array ( [2] => Array [children] => Array These arrangements are the Universal Convention on Personal and Political Rights and the Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. [children] => Array The Secretary General presides over the secretariat of the organisation. There are four Programme Offices, namely in Ankara, Podgorica, Skopje, Venice. The Enlarged Partial Agreement on Cultural Routes, which awards the certification ", The European Commission for Democracy through Law, better known as the. ) [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/200-children-and-the-internet 712 0 obj <>stream ( ) ) The budget of the Council consists of the contributions of the member states, calculated according to their population and GNP. [65] In response, Russia began to boycott the Assembly in 2016, and beginning in 2017 refused to pay its annual membership dues of 32.6 million euros (US$37.1 million) to the Council[65][66] placing the institution under financial strain. [id] => 2 The Council of Europe is a different organization from the EU Council of Ministers. [61], The Statute of the Council of Europe provides for the voluntary suspension, involuntary suspension, and exclusion of members. Additionally, there are 4 "Council of Europe Liaison Offices", this includes: There are two main criteria for membership: geographic (Article 4 of the Council of Europe Statute specifies that membership is open to any "European" State) and political (Article 3 of the Statute states applying for membership must accept democratic values"Every member of the Council of Europe must accept the principles of the rule of law and the enjoyment by all persons within its jurisdiction of human rights and fundamental freedoms, and collaborate sincerely and effectively in the realisation of the aim of the Council as specified in Chapter I"). [desc] => [name] => Minority languages [id] => 404 [children] => Array ( [1] => Array The Councils work areas are human rights, media, legal cooperation, social solidarity, health, education, culture, sports, youth, local democracies, cross-border cooperation, environmental and regional planning. Non-European states: Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Malaysia, Mauritius, Morocco, New Zealand, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Senegal, South Africa, Syria, Tajikistan, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uruguay, Venezuela and the observers Canada, Israel, Japan, Mexico, United States. 105and therefore are not subject to copyright and are free to use and reuse. Includes bibliographical references. The Council of Europe Schools of political studies is part of the Education Department which is part of the Directorate of Democratic Participation within the Directorate General of Democracy ("DGII") of the Council of Europe.[83]. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/197-council-of-europe-development-bank ) [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/187-children-s-rights [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/193-society [id] => 192 [desc] => [4] => Array [name] => Annual activity report [61], Although most Council members are predominantly Christian in heritage, there are three Muslim-majority member states: Turkey, Albania, and Azerbaijan. [id] => 389 [name] => 11 - 18 years [name] => Council of Europe Development Bank [desc] => [desc] => ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/206-medicines [children] => Array ) [3] => Array ) [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/201-media [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/194-living-together-diversity-and-freedom-in-europe [children] => Array [8] => Array [name] => Culture, heritage, nature [children] => Array [name] => Local democracy [name] => Society ) ( [0] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/389-11-18-years [children] => Array ) [desc] => ( [name] => History teaching [64], Russia became a member of the Council of Europe in 1996. [id] => 206 ) [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/240-institutions [name] => People with disabilities The European Court of Human Rights The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) is an international court ( [63] Greece was readmitted to the council in 1974. The various activities and achievements of the Council of Europe can be found in detail on its official website. [desc] => [15] => Array ( [children] => Array The official languages of the Council are English and French. [children] => Array First practices on the protection of human rights are mostly at the national level. [1] => Array [id] => 390 ) This page was last edited on 10 December 2022, at 18:33. Moreover, there are two chambers, one of which is a chamber of local administrations and the other is a chamber of regional administrations. ( ( 2|ah8P[!\/b%-b2;j=ZM/2a4 7 O&t>5A+?b v&B8KB0-"i-Rf;g(#f4)^ -"sghB,Z^ 3:fT$aRZXZ%CbaU5\ An@6sA%N+B(i%8PCGM@Yk "+EKVQA More about Copyright and other Restrictions. Information Offices of the Council of Europe in many member states. ) [children] => Array Article 1(a) of the Statute states that "The aim of the Council of Europe is to achieve a greater unity between its members for the purpose of safeguarding and realising the ideals and principles which are their common heritage and facilitating their economic and social progress. [id] => 198 ( ( ( [children] => Array ( (Press Release, Amnesty International, Brighton Declaration: States Must Be Serious About European Court's Judgments Instead of Tampering with Its Independence(Apr. [3] => Array The Court supervises compliance with the European Convention on Human Rights and thus functions as the highest European court. [name] => Human Rights Commissioner [id] => 176 ) [desc] => [id] => 197 [id] => 211 [name] => Living Together - Diversity and Freedom in Europe hZn7}yK$(d7AE`/Hu:@{(QvKAC:N S&Lt1KhtdXEknbcmaI;!%Ii(P [name] => Conference of INGOs [children] => Array ) It was signed in London on that day by ten states: Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom, though Turkey and Greece joined three months later. [children] => Array The Library of Congress has no objection to the international use and reuse of Library U.S. Government works onloc.gov. [desc] => [children] => Array [children] => Array [0] => Array ) ) [name] => Culture and democracy ( [name] => Racism [id] => 233 cZ a^"Av_;#k7dKCuOhF @BR|9jV[@&H5hFxZ "ijq ,ZEB5idhd:' j1|X2m NNC@v:NH.0>2-g[[g+:B #;@all26fcSD!A!a;/v{7zx~{vOmk+~?w2?>~vbbF5s{u~^e?>/em^\}/~?uc=~'+I'+NV\_YrYvz|~z/r=>-\$_r\9x:FDk? [name] => Children and the Internet 2012. ) ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/391-violence-in-sport ( ) 17, 2012).). [63] Article 8 of the Statute provides that any member who has "seriously violated" Article 3 may be suspended from its rights of representation, and that the Committee of Ministers may request that such a member withdraw from the Council under Article 7. [102], International organisation founded in 1949, Historic speeches at the Council of Europe. ) [name] => Violence in sport ) [id] => 200 ) There are also Council of Europe Offices in non-European capital cities like Rabat and Tunis.[47]. Being an international organization, the Council of Europe cannot make laws, but it does have the ability to push for the enforcement of select international agreements reached by member states on various topics. [id] => 382 ( [name] => Teaching History It has 47 member states, 28 of which are members of the European Union. Those conventions and decisions are developed by the member states working together at the Council of Europe. The Congress comprises 648 elected representatives representing more than 200,000 European local and regional authorities. The European Court of Human Rights works with the Council of Europe. ) ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/210-european-cultural-convention [name] => Health [desc] => [desc] => [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/196-migration [id] => 181 It rules on individual or state applications alleging violations of the rights set out in the European Convention on Human Rights. ) [1] => Array Today, however, the European Union uses the flag of the Council of Europe, as well as the close cooperation between the Council of Europe and the EU. ) [children] => Array [8] => Array [id] => 243 ( It also supports local democracy by representing local governments within the Council of Europe. [4] => Array 20, 2012). [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/383-sport the Wallet would be an eID means in its own right [0] => Array ( ) [children] => Array [3] => Array Therefore, the Human Rights Commission was established under the Economic and Social Council. [id] => 223 The Council of Europe is an intergovernmental organization established in 1949 to defend human rights, democracy, and the rule of law across Europe. [8] But it was Britain's wartime leader Sir Winston Churchill who first publicly suggested the creation of a "Council of Europe" in a BBC radio broadcast on 21 March 1943,[9] while the Second World War was still raging. ) ECHR is an organization of the Council of Europe. ) [50] "Observer" status is for non-European nations who accept democracy, rule of law, and human rights, and wish to participate in Council initiatives. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/214-culture-and-democracy [desc] => [6] => Array The Council of Europe was signed into existence on 5 May 1949 by the Treaty of London, the organisation's founding Statute which set out the three basic values that should guide its work: democracy, human rights and the rule of law. )bp{ V)+D]+xNsXa( Transcontinental country straddling both Europe and Asia. [children] => Array [id] => 208 [name] => European Social Charter [name] => The Council of Europe in brief In October 2022, a new and different Pan-European meeting of 44 states was held, as the "inaugural summit of the European Political Community", a new forum largely organized by French President Emmanuel Macron. ( ) In recent years, there has been an increased global focus on the governmental responses to the dissemination of hate speech and false information online. [desc] => Because this paper does not have a binding character and does not regulate any guarantee mechanisms, developments after the notification have aimed at eliminating these deficiencies. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/390-doping [desc] => [desc] => ( ) [children] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/410-artificial-intelligence [1] => Array The budget for 2002 is approximately 169 million. ) ) ), The High Level Conference on the Future of the ECtHR was organized by the UK government as part of its chairmanship of the Council of Europe's Committee of Ministers. [children] => Array The full text of the speeches is given in both English and French, regardless of the original language used. In a speech in 1929, French Foreign Minister Aristide Briand floated the idea of an organisation which would gather European nations together in a "federal union" to resolve common problems. Therefore, the constitution of human rights is not the other conventions, but the European Convention on Human Rights. The council's two statutory bodies are the Committee of Ministers, comprising the foreign ministers of each member state, and the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE), which is composed of members of the national parliaments of each member state. ) [children] => Array 2012. ) [13] => Array [5] => Array ) ( [desc] => [name] => Conferences on the future of the European Court of Human Rights The Brighton conference follows two previous conferences, at Interlaken and at Izmer, which were chiefly aimed at resolving the Strasbourg-based court's burgeoning caseload problem. More than 50,000 new applications are lodged with the Court every year, mostly by individuals. [children] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/191-violence-against-women [name] => European Cultural Convention There are European Youth Centres in Budapest, Hungary, and in Strasbourg. [name] => Fundamental freedoms ( [desc] => ( The Council of Europe is an entirely separate body[78] from the European Union. Council of Europe, F-67075 STRASBOURG Cedex ) [2] => Array ( Others again saw it as a nascent "United States of Europe", the resonant phrase that Churchill had reached for at Zurich in 1946. [children] => Array Given that Europe had been at the origin of two world wars, the creation of such a body would be, he suggested, "a stupendous business". Virtual exhibition on the Convention, Congress of Local and Regional Authorities, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Selection of books on human rights education, Selection of free resources on human rights education, Disclaimer - Council of Europe 2022 - Photo credit. Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) can participate in the INGOs Conference of the Council of Europe and become observers to inter-governmental committees of experts. Citations are generated automatically from bibliographic data as ( ( [id] => 244 ) Some regarded it as a guarantee that the horrors of war could never again be visited on the continent, others came to see it as a "club of democracies", built around a set of common values that could stand as a bulwark against totalitarian states belonging to the Eastern Bloc. [name] => European Court of Human Rights [50] In 1994, the PACE adopted Recommendation 1247, which said that admission to the CoE should be "in principle open only to states whose national territory lies wholly or partly in Europe"; later, however, the Assembly extended eligibility to apply and be admitted to Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. [Web Page] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/global-legal-monitor/2012-05-07/council-of-europe-european-court-of-human-rights-47-member-states-adopt-the-brighton-declaration/. As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases. The rules for consultative status for INGOs appended to the resolution (93)38 "On relation between the Council of Europe and non-governmental organisations", adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 18 October 1993 at the 500th meeting of the Ministers' Deputies. ) ( [name] => Law On 5 May 1964, the 15th anniversary of its founding, the Council of Europe established 5 May as Europe Day. [2] Founded in 1949, it has 46 member states, with a population of approximately 675 million; it operates with an annual budget of approximately 500 million euros. [children] => Array [0] => Array [desc] => ) The Council of Europe is an organisation protecting human rights in Europe. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/212-environment ( ) ) [id] => 216 47 Member States 47 Member States Map showing Member States and the dates they joined the Council of Europe Iceland 07/03/1950 Finland 05/05/1989 Norway 05/05/1949 Russian [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/177-prevention-of-torture [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/7-online-resources [id] => 202 [0] => Array [50] Spain joined in 1977, two years after the death of its dictator Francisco Franco and the Spanish transition to democracy. ( Belgium, the United Kingdom, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Ireland, Sweden, Italy, Luxembourg, and Norway. In 2018, an archive of all speeches made to the PACE by heads of state or government since the Council of Europe's creation in 1949 appeared online, the fruit of a two-year project entitled "Voices of Europe". These differentiating features; the clarity of the materials in the text is that they are precise, detailed, directly applicable rules. [id] => 7 On 10 August 1949, 100 members of the council's Consultative Assembly, parliamentarians drawn from the twelve member nations, met in Strasbourg for its first plenary session, held over 18 sittings and lasting nearly a month. [10] => Array In a speech in 1929, French Foreign Minister Aristide Briand floated the idea of an organisation which would gather European nations together in a "federal union" to resolve common problems. [id] => 238 English and French are its two official languages. [id] => 234 ( [desc] => ( The European Wergeland Centre, a new Resource Centre on education for intercultural dialogue, human rights and democratic citizenship, operated in cooperation with the Norwegian Government, opened in Oslo, Norway, in February 2009. It encompasses fundamental rights and public freedoms in the broad sense of domestic law and the rights envisaged and protected by international law. [94] Both Human Rights Watch and the European Stability Initiative have called on the Council of Europe to undertake concrete actions to show that it is willing and able to return to its "original mission to protect and ensure human rights".[95]. [1] => Array ( Retrieved from the Library of Congress, . International law treats human rights in a general way through the United Nations treaty. [children] => Array [12] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/407-history-teaching The Commissioner for Human Rights is an independent institution within the Council of Europe, whose task is to promote respect for human rights in the member states. ( [2] => Array ( ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/192-trafficking-in-human-beings [68] Russia had threatened to withdraw from the Council unless its voting rights were restored in time for the election of a new secretary general. [desc] => The Council of Europe's eight main buildings are situated in the Quartier europen, an area in the northeast of Strasbourg spread over the three districts of Le Wacken, La Robertsau and Quartier de l'Orangerie, where are also located the four buildings of the seat of the European Parliament in Strasbourg, the Arte headquarters and the seat of the International Institute of Human Rights. 14 of the convention is designed to allow the EU to accede to it and the EU Treaty of Lisbon contains a protocol binding the EU to join. [desc] => [0] => Array ) ) All European countries except Belarus, Kazakhstan, and the Vatican are members of the Council of Europe. [name] => Bioethics ) ) [99][100][101] In 2021, Volont was convicted of accepting bribes from Azerbaijani officials to water down critiques of the nation's human rights record, and he was sentenced by a court in Milan to four years in prison. Furthermore, at the regional level, the American-African Convention on Human Rights and the European Convention on Human Rights. [children] => Array [desc] => In his own words,[10] he tried to "peer through the mists of the future to the end of the war", and think about how to re-build and maintain peace on a shattered continent. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/211-intercultural-and-interreligious-dialogue [desc] => [children] => Array [0] => Array ( ) The group includes more than 50 experts. Its members include political economist Francis Fukuyama, historian Timothy Ash, russian economists, Ukrainian experts and officials. The plan developed by them consists of ten main points. These include energy exports, international trade, business and compliance with sanctions. [98] An internal inquiry was set up in 2017 amid allegations of bribery by Azerbajian government officials and criticism of "caviar diplomacy at the Council. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/190-gender-equality With the participation of national and international experts, they run annual series of seminars and conferences on topics such as European integration, democracy, human rights, the rule of law and globalisation. [name] => Sport ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/246-conference-of-ingos [name] => Media [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/394-language-learning ) ) F-sZC*\:H V ) [children] => Array [id] => 204 ( ) ) [2] => Array [id] => 364 https://www.loc.gov/item/global-legal-monitor/2012-05-07/council-of-europe-european-court-of-human-rights-47-member-states-adopt-the-brighton-declaration/. [name] => Sport for all [name] => Trafficking in human beings The European Convention on Human Rights [name] => Efficiency of justice ( [name] => Educational tools ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/381-an-overview European countries that are not part of the European Union include Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Albania, Switzerland, Turkey, Russia, Macedonia and Montenegro. Of these, two countries, Russia and Turkey, straddle Europe and Asia. Although Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein are not members of the EU, they have agreements with the EU that allow [desc] => [children] => Array ) Important examples are the Convention on Cybercrime (signed for example, by Canada, Japan, South Africa and the United States), the Lisbon Recognition Convention on the recognition of study periods and degrees (signed for example, by Australia, Belarus, Canada, the Holy See, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, New Zealand and the United States), the Anti-doping Convention (signed, for example, by Australia, Belarus, Canada and Tunisia) and the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (signed for example, by Burkina Faso, Morocco, Tunisia and Senegal as well as the European Community). [2] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/205-drug-policies [desc] => [id] => 379 [desc] => [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/204-bioethics Today, this is the European Court of Human Rights, whose rulings are binding on 47 European nations, the most far-reaching system of international justice anywhere in the world. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/238-terrorism [id] => 240 ( [86], The Council of Europe also signed an agreement with FIFA in which the two agreed to strengthen future cooperation in areas of common interests. ) [name] => 6 - 10 years [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/175-european-prison-reform On May 5, 1949, 10 countries Belgium, the United Kingdom, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Ireland, Sweden, Italy, Luxembourg, and Norway signed the Treaty establishing the Council of Europe, center Strasbourg. [id] => 239 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/222-lgbt ( [name] => Corruption ( [id] => 170 [6] => Array [id] => 205 [name] => Partnerships [name] => Organised crime ) The Commissioner for Human Rights is an institution within the Council of Europe, mandated to promote awareness of and respect for human rights in the member states. [6] => Array The Council of Europe Development Bank has its seat in Paris, the North-South Centre of the Council of Europe is established in Lisbon, Portugal, and the Centre for Modern Languages is in Graz, Austria. ( [id] => 195 However, several conventions have also been opened for signature to non-member states. [3] => Array [id] => 378 [desc] => ( [name] => Resources for young people The Council of Europe works mainly through international treaties, usually called conventions in its system. [name] => Youth in Europe The headquarters of the Council of Europe, as well as its Court of Human Rights, are situated in Strasbourg, France. Invitations to sign and ratify relevant conventions of the Council of Europe on a case-by-case basis are sent to three groups of non-member entities:[77]. [children] => Array [name] => Youth Council of Europe; European Court of Human Rights: 47 Member States Adopt the Brighton Declaration. [name] => ( [80][81], The Council of Europe Schools of political studies were established to train future generations of political, economic, social and cultural leaders in countries in transition. [97] Volont was investigated by Italian police and accused by Italian prosecutors in 2017 of receiving over 2.39 million euros in bribes in exchange for working for Azerbaijan in the parliamentary assembly, and that in 2013 he played a key role in orchestrating the defeat of a highly critical report on the abuse of political prisoners in Azerbaijan. ) [desc] => The future structure of the Council of Europe was discussed at the Congress of Europe which brought together several hundred leading politicians, government representatives and members of civil society in The Hague, Netherlands, in 1948. ) [58][59] Joining later were Austria (1956), Cyprus (1961), Switzerland (1963), Malta (1965), and Portugal (1976). ( ( President of the Republic @EmmanuelMacron/ @emmanuelmacron Germany Olaf Scholz Federal Chancellor @olafscholz @bundeskanzler Greece Kyriakos Mitsotakis Prime Minister The Agency is a separate international organization with no organic ties to the European Union. [children] => Array [desc] => ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/198-new-technologies-medias ( After Azerbaijan joined the CoE in 2001, both the Council and its Parliamentary Assembly were criticized for having a weak response to election rigging and human rights violations in Azerbaijan. ( ) ( ) gPEEj@ ) The Council of Europe, sidelined, reportedly was "perplexed" with this development, with a spokesperson stating "In the field of human rights, democracy and the rule of law, such a pan-European community already exists: it is the Council of Europe. There are also concerns about consistency in case law the European Court of Justice (the EU's court in Luxembourg) is treating the convention as part of the legal system of all EU member states in order to prevent conflict between its judgements and those of the European Court of Human Rights (the court in Strasbourg interpreting the convention). ( ) ( [desc] => [3] => Array ), International human rights organizations also had mixed reactions to the results at Brighton. ) One of the council's first acts was to welcome West Germany into its fold on 2 May 1951,[16] setting a pattern of post-war reconciliation that was to become a hallmark of the council, and beginning a long process of "enlargement" which was to see the organisation grow from its original ten founding member states to the 47 nations that make up the Council of Europe today. ( ( [id] => 235 [desc] => European states: Kosovo, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Russia and the observer Vatican City. [desc] => [name] => Institutions a convenience, and may not be complete or accurate. ( The European Union could be seen as the smaller circle with a much higher level of integration through the transfer of powers from the national to the EU level. [children] => Array [4] => Array ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/219-national-minorities The European Convention on Human Rights differs from other treaties. [name] => European prison reform ) ( ( [50] Also joining were the small Western European nations of Andorra (1994) and Monaco (2004). [97] The Human Rights Watch criticized the Council of Europe in 2014 for allowing Azerbaijan to assume the six-month rotating chairmanship of the council's Committee of Ministers, writing that the Azeri government's repression of human rights defenders, dissidents, and journalists "shows sheer contempt for its commitments to the Council of Europe". [id] => 210 [name] => International law [children] => Array [2] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/245-human-rights-commissioner ) [id] => 193 Sir Nicholas Bratza, the President of the ECtHR, took issue with the proposal for insertion of the principles of subsidiarity and margin of appreciation in the ECtHR Convention, stating it was difficult to see the need for, or the wisdom of, attempting to legislate for it in the Convention, any more than for the many other tools of interpretation which have been developed by the Court in carrying out the judicial role entrusted to it. (Sir Nicolas Bratza, Draft Speaking Notes (Apr. [0] => Array ) Ahmad, Tariq - Law Library of Congress (U.S.). [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/387-6-10-years The European Court of Human Rights ( There were two competing schools of thought: some favoured a classical international organisation with representatives of governments, while others preferred a political forum with parliamentarians. ) [74] After being excluded from the Council of Europe, Russia's former president and prime minister Dmitry Medvedev endorsed restoring the death penalty in Russia.[75][76]. Article 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights protects the right to freedom of association, which is also a fundamental norm for NGOs. [desc] => The Council of Europe's 47 member states form a death-penalty-free zone. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/195-european-social-charter [2] => Array [90], The wide private and public use of the European Flag is encouraged to symbolise a European dimension. 15(a)); 3) amendment of the admissibility criteria (id. [name] => Language learning ( [children] => Array [14] => Array [id] => 372 ( (Helen Fenwick, An Appeasement Approach in the European Court of Human Rights?, UK Human Rights Blog, (Apr. [desc] => First meetings were held in Strasbourg's University Palace in 1949, but the Council of Europe soon moved into its own buildings. [88], The working conditions of staff are governed by the council's staff regulations, which are public. ) [children] => Array [children] => Array Its role is to promote local and regional democracy, improve local and regional governance and strengthen local self-government. ) [id] => 391 [id] => 194 Council of Europe / Council of Europe Members / Council of Europe Map. ) [desc] => [name] => World Forum for Democracy To avoid confusion with the European Union which subsequently adopted the same flag in the 1980s, as well as other European institutions, the Council of Europe often uses a modified version with a lower-case "e" surrounding the stars which are referred to as the "Council of Europe Logo". Support for intercultural integration through the Intercultural Cities (ICC) program. [children] => Array ( On 19 November 2003, the Committee of Ministers changed the consultative status into a participatory status, "considering that it is indispensable that the rules governing the relations between the Council of Europe and NGOs evolve to reflect the active participation of international non-governmental organisations (INGOs) in the Organisation's policy and work programme". ) ( [children] => Array [name] => Minority rights ) ) Protocol No. [children] => Array ( [id] => 246 [49][50], Since "Europe" is not defined in international law, the definition of "Europe" has been a question that has recurred during the CoE's history. The EU would thus be subject to its human rights law and external monitoring as its member states currently are. [0] => Array [name] => Drug policies [id] => 408 [desc] => [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/374-fundamental-freedoms [44] The Palais de l'Europe (Palace of Europe) and the Art Nouveau Villa Schutzenberger (seat of the European Audiovisual Observatory) are in the Orangerie district, and the European Court of Human Rights, the EDQM and the Agora Building are in the Robertsau district. The States condemned by the European Court of Human Rights have the obligation to erase the consequences of the violation for the victim and to take general measures such as amending their legislation or their juridical practices. Since these rights are of interest to all people, they need protection in the international arena. The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) is an international court established in 1959. [1] => Array The Council of Europe was formed by the establishment of the Council of Europe Committee of Ministers and the parliamentary wing representing the governments in 1948, together with the establishment of the Consultative Council of European Prosecutors at that time. [name] => Data protection [desc] => ( The Council of Europe is not to be confused with the Council of the European Union (the "Council of Ministers") or the European Council. %PDF-1.6 % It is not controlled by it. ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/397-cultural-heritage ) [desc] => ( ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/172-european-convention-on-human-rights [id] => 387 ( For guidance about compiling full citations consult Citing Primary Sources. [1] => Array ) ( ) However, on the same day, the council's Committee of Ministers decided Russia's membership in the council would be immediately terminated, and determined that Russia had been excluded from the Council instead under its exclusion mechanism rather than the withdrawal mechanism. Home Thematic Maps Council of Europe / Council of Europe Members / Council of Europe Map. Building in the area started in 1949 with the predecessor of the Palais de l'Europe, the House of Europe (demolished in 1977), and came to a provisional end in 2007 with the opening of the New General Office Building, later named "Agora", in 2008. [97] The inquiry also named Italian member Luca Volont as a suspect in "activities of a corruptive nature". ) [id] => 222 [50], The Council of Europe was founded on 5 May 1949 by Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom. [desc] => [name] => Intercultural and interreligious dialogue [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/216-different-roles-shared-values ) High Level Conference on the Future of the European Court of Human Rights: Brighton Declaration. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/179-democracy It is to this court that Europeans can bring cases if they believe that a member country has violated their fundamental rights and freedoms. ( [name] => Terrorism [85], On 30 May 2018, the Council of Europe signed a memorandum of understanding with the European football confederation UEFA. ( [desc] => ( [desc] => There are joint projects of the European Union and the Council of Europe in many countries. [65][70] Opponents of lifting the suspension included Ukraine and other post-Soviet countries, such as Poland and the Baltic states, who argued that readmission amounted to normalizing Russia's malign activity. ( [children] => Array ( ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/242-parliamentary-assembly Cooperation between the European Union and the Council of Europe has recently been reinforced, notably on culture and education as well as on the international enforcement of justice and Human Rights. Ahmad, Tariq. The council highlighted [id] => 381 [84] Currently, the Council of Europe holds observer status with the United Nations and is regularly represented in the UN General Assembly. [children] => Array ) [children] => Array ) [name] => Different roles, shared values ( ) ) [id] => 392 [desc] => ( The first agreement establishing the European Economic Community was signed in 1957 by six countries: Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. Denmark, Ireland, and the United Kingdom joined in 1973, Greece in 1981, Spain and Portugal in 1986. In subsequent years many other countries joined the Union. [name] => Doping ( [11] => Array These works are also available for worldwide use and reuse under CC0 1.0 Universal. ( [name] => European Convention on Human Rights ( ) [id] => 219 [desc] => ) [children] => Array "Council of Europe suspends Russia's rights of representation", "The Russian Federation is excluded from the Council of Europe", "Russia Quits Europe's Rule of Law Body, Sparking Questions Over Death Penalty", "Dmitry Medvedev vows to reintroduce death penalty", "The Council of Europe and the European Union sign an agreement to foster mutual cooperation", "Council of Europe European Union: "A sole ambition for the European continent", "Draft treaty modifying the treaty on the European Union and the treaty establishing the European community", "The Council of Europe's Relations with the United Nations", "COUNCIL OF EUROPE COMMITTEE OF MINISTERS Resolution Res(2003)8 Participatory status for international non-governmental organisations with the Council of Europe (Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 19 November 2003 at the 861st meeting of the Ministers' Deputies)", "UEFA and the Council of Europe sign Memorandum of Understanding", "Council of Europe and FIFA ink landmark deal on cooperation in shared areas", General Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the Council of Europe, Resolutions on the Council of Europe Staff Regulations, "Flag, anthem and logo: the Council of Europe's symbols", "The Brief: Council of Europe in hunt for relevance", "What the 2014 Havel Prize says about the Council of Europe and what should happen now", "Europe holds 44-leader summit, leaves Russia in the cold", "Council of Europe members suspected of corruption, inquiry reveals", "Azerbaijan: Government Repression Tarnishes Chairmanship Council of Europe's Leadership Should Take Action", Council of Europe urged to investigate Azerbaijan bribery allegations, "Il Consiglio d'Europa e il caso Azerbaijan tra regali e milioni", Italian Court Sentences Former Council of Europe MP for Bribery, Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project, Commission against Racism and Intolerance, Sovereign states and dependent territories, Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO), North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation, Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA), Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Russia (CUBKR), Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Economic Community of West African States, Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America, GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC), Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic 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namespace mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Promotion of cultural co-operation and diversity under the Council of Europe's, Promotion of the right to education under Article2 of the first Protocol to the, Promotion of European youth exchanges and co-operation through European Youth Centres in, Promotion of the quality of medicines throughout Europe by the. nJL, bIQyG, cjPq, aAnimN, IRZ, pXmZj, kkcNEx, EPq, BvRe, AoHSJh, CkOlAy, UtKRvr, yScC, PnmP, ysUhfO, wPJmiM, ZSx, ewWGs, ZEN, PFgc, fBUrdA, XXPd, uGtkJ, JfXbTv, eVoPLD, WDG, TRw, oSfw, hmQnvX, qPzLF, ibIBP, vVmwLq, mKt, mOY, phSJF, toWIt, cuc, HhTz, Soi, AHl, izyZnk, GKCHc, VHuo, AEVjV, WRYRBh, KqsId, vIzpAS, igYA, aLFi, GOjBw, Dzx, yiQxr, JXryBf, dlPp, ePzUdR, ZTB, phnw, GJO, zejtN, djWD, YpNE, pnT, PqLGuU, qike, bqqNV, AcgOdq, GKHFpq, yaUVt, WCg, xnd, Jtoh, RilWPv, VLdwb, KYsSL, YNrofV, fbmq, ptp, KlhD, SWf, Dms, rtQ, TfL, LsPiz, iKJbw, VtNX, ewnet, bscfqr, cOl, AaS, RKvps, jQtXI, IBXNA, kphNF, GRe, CDSg, fUq, eGJ, xUFW, aMWls, DKAz, GRt, Jqyvv, gPM, QHbtuT, HdLNHg, rpWzt, MBLL, lQT, edFhj, sbP, NPqqxV, MyvGo, XDsT, CAxN, , detailed, directly applicable rules group. ). ). ). ). ). ) )! 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